J. Gordon
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​General Terms

Ecorche- French for "flayed". A drawing, painting, or sculpture of a body with no skin so as to show the musculature

 General proportions of the body

Structure

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Skeleton

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​A - Frontal Bone
B - Parietal Bone
C - Zygomatic bone
D - Maxilla
E - Mandible
F - Clavicle
G - Scapula
H - Sternum
I - Humerus
J - Rib cage
K - Spine
L - Ulna
M - Sacrum
N - Radius
O - Illium
P - Carpals
Q - Metacarpals
R - Ischium
S - Phalanges
T - Pubic Bone
U - Femur
V - Patella
W - Tibia
X - Fibula
Y - Tarsals

​
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Landmarks of the Skeleton

 Below are images from Robert Osti's book " Basic Human Anatomy."
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Muscles

overview

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​A - Frontalis
B - Orbicularis Oculi
C - Orbiuclaris Oris
D - Sternocleidomastoid
E - Sternocleidomastoid
F - Trapezius
G - Deltoid
H - Pectoralis Major
I - Serratus Anterior
J - Triceps Brachii
K - Rectus Abdominus
L - Latissimus Dorsi
M - Biceps Brachii
N - Abdominal External Oblique 
O - Brachialis
P - Brachioradialis
Q - Abdominal External Oblique 
R - Flexor Carpi Radialis
S - Tensor Fascia Lata
T - Sartorius
U - Rectus Femoris
V - Vastus Lateralis
W - Vastus Medialis
X - Gasrtocnemius
Y - Tibialis Anterior
​Z - Soleus
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Below is full body ecorche by Vladislav Laryushi
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Torso

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J -  Trapezius - tilting the scapula, helping to life the arm
K - Deltoid - rotating the arm
L - Infraspinatus - rotating the arm
M - Teres Minor - lowering and rotating the arm
N - Teres Major - lowering and rotating the arm
O - Latissimus Dorsi - lowering and rotating the arm
P - Abdominal External Oblique - 
bending and rotating the        torso 
Q - Gluteus Medius - abducting the thigh
​R - Gluteus Maximus - extending the thigh




​A - Sternocleidomastoid - tilting and rotating the head
B - Trapezius - tilting the scapula, helping to life the arm
C- Platysma - covers the muscles of the neck
D - Deltoid - rotating the arm
E - Pectoralis Major - lowering and adducting the arm
F - Serratus Anterior - tilting the scapula, helping to lift the          arm
G - Abdominal External Oblique - bending and rotating the         torso 
H - Rectus Sheath - covers the muscles of the abdomen
I - Rectus Abdominus - flexing the torso
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Legs

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A - Gluteus Maximus - extending the thigh
B - Gluteus Medialis - abducting the thigh
C - Tensor Fascia Latae - flexing the thigh
D - Sartorius - flexing and rotating the thigh and leg
E - Rectus Femoris - flexing the thigh, extending the leg (quadricep)
F - Fascia Lata - Helps to steady and stabilize knee and hip joints
G - Vastus Medialis - flexing the thigh, extending the leg (quadricep)
H - Vastus Lateralis - flexing the thigh, extending the leg (quadricep)
I - Gracilis - adducting the thigh
​J - Biceps Femoris - flexing the leg (hamstring)
K - Semitendinosus - flexing the leg (hamstring)
L - Gastrocnemius - extending the foot 
M - Soleus - extending the foot
N - Anterior  Tibialis - flexing the foot 
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fEET

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A - Astragalus
B - Calcaneus (Heel)
C - Scaphoid
D - 1st Cuneiform
E - 2nd Cuneiform
F - 3rd Cuneiform
G - Phalanges
H​ - 1st Metatarsal
I - Cuboid
J - Distal Phalanx of the big toe
K - Proximal Phalanx of the big toe
L - 1st Metatarsal
M - Metatarsal Bones
N - Tibia
O - Fibula
​
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Arms

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A - Deltoid
- rotating the arm

B - Triceps
- extending the forearm

C - Brachialis
- flexing the forearm

D - Bicep
-  flexing the forearm

E - Brachioradialis
- flexing the forearm

F - Extensors
- extending the hands and fingers

Hands

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A - Transverse Ligament fastening tendons together
B - Interosseus dorsalis muscle
C- Extensor digiti 5th propius muscle
D - Abductor digiti 5th muscle
E - Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
F - Extensor digitorum communis muscle 
G - Dorsal retinacular transverse carpal ligament
H - Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
I - Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
J - Extensor digiti 1st longus and brevis muscles
K - Interosseus dorsalis 2nd muscle
L - Adductor digiti 1st muscle (transverse)
M - Adductor digiti 1st muscle (oblique)
​N - Flexor digiti 1st brevis muscle
O - Abductor digiti 1st brevis muscle
P - Abductor digiti 1st longus muscle
Q - Flexor carpi radialis muscle  
R - Transverse carpal ligament
S - Tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
T - Abductor digiti 5th muscle
U - Flexor digiti 5th muscle
V - Opponens digiti 5th muscle
W - Lumbricalis muscles
X - Tendons of the superficial and deep digital flexors

​

General Proportions of the head

Profile View
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Frontal View
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Skull and muscles of the head

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A - Frontal 
B - Parietal
C - Temporal
D - Occipital
E - Nasal
F - Zygomatic
G - Maxillary
​H - Mandible
​I - Mental Protuberance
J - Zygomatic Arch
K - Frontalis
L - Temporalis
M - Orbicularis Oculi
N - Levator Labii Superioris Muscles 
​O - Masseter
P - Occipitalis
Q - Lateralis Nasi
R - Zygomaticus
S - Orbicularis Oris
T - Mentalis
U - Buccinator
​V - Risorius
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Above is a labelled ecorche of the head and neck by Rodrigo Avila.
Below is a composite image of an ecorche of the head by Rodrigo Avila next to a human skull for com​parison.
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Below are some structural drawings of a skull by An Jay Hyun followed by a gallery of more structural approaches to the human head.
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Master Copy Studies

Master Copy Sculptures

 The Ecorche and the Danse Macabre

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